Is BCG associated with reduced incidence of COVID-19? A meta-regression of global data from 160 countries
M Joy et al
Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cegh.2020.08.015 Received 19 July 2020
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Background: Global research is running towards to find a vaccine to stop the threat of the COVID-19. The
Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccine that prevents severe forms of tuberculosis is getting more attention in
this scenario. The objective of our study was to determine the association between BCG vaccine coverage and
incidence of COVID-19 at a national-level across the Globe.
Methods: The data of 160 countries were included in the study. Meta-regression was done to estimate the difference in the incidence of COVID-19 cases between countries with BCG vaccination coverage. BCG coverage
was categorized as ≤70%, > 70% and no vaccination. The analyses were carried out by adjusting for factors
such as population density, income group, latitude, and percentage of the total population under age groups
15–64 and above 65 years of each country.
Results: The countries that had ≤70% coverage of BCG vaccine reported 6.5 (95% CI: −8.4 to −4.5) less
COVID-19 infections per 10,000 population as compared to countries that reported no coverage. Those that
had > 70% coverage reported 10.1 (95% CI: −11.4 to −8.7) less infections per 10,000 population compared to
those with no BCG countries.
Conclusion: Our analysis suggests that BCG is associated with reduced COVID-19 infections if the BCG vaccine
coverage is over 70

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